indigenous
Pronouncedihn-DIH-juh-nuhs
adjOriginally from a place, especially a people who lived there before others arrived.
adjNaturally present or belonging to a particular region from the start.
adjPresent from birth or natural to someone.
Syllables
4 syllables
Letters
Word forms:
Related words (same phonics pattern)
Phonics breakdown
When the letter I appears in a closed syllable, it usually makes the short I sound “ih”. This is one of the trickiest short vowels because it sounds similar to short E.
Tip
I says “ih” like an itch you can't miss.
Examples
Phonics Rule: ND End Blend
Sound“nd”·/nd/
ND at the end of a syllable blends /n/ and /d/ together, like in 'hand', 'sand', and 'send'.
ND is a common end blend (coda blend). The nasal /n/ and voiced stop /d/ are both heard. It appears very frequently in English words.
Tip
ND ends with a d-d-d — hand, sand, send!
Examples
When the letter I appears in a closed syllable, it usually makes the short I sound “ih”. This is one of the trickiest short vowels because it sounds similar to short E.
Tip
I says “ih” like an itch you can't miss.
Examples
Phonics Rule: Soft G
Sound“j”·/dʒ/
G sometimes says “j” before E, I, or Y, like in 'gem' and 'giant'.
When G comes before E, I, or Y, it sometimes makes the soft “j” sound (like J). However, this rule has many exceptions ('get', 'give', 'girl').
Tip
G can be gentle like a giant!
Examples
Phonics Rule: Schwa
Sound“uh”·/ə/
In unstressed syllables, vowels often make a lazy 'uh' sound called schwa, like the A in 'about'.
Schwa “uh” is the most common vowel sound in English. Any vowel letter can make the schwa sound when it's in an unstressed syllable. It sounds like a quick, lazy 'uh'.
Tip
Schwa is lazy — any vowel can say 'uh' when it's not stressed!
Examples
Phonics Rule: Letter N
Sound“n”·/n/
The letter N makes the /n/ sound, like in 'net', 'nap', and 'nut'. The tongue tip touches behind the upper teeth.
N is a voiced alveolar nasal — the tongue tip touches the ridge behind the upper teeth while voice hums through the nose. It is one of the most common consonants in English.
Tip
N hums through the nose — say /n/ and feel the buzz!
Examples
Phonics Rule: OU says “uh” (-ous)
Sound“uh”·/ə/
OU says the lazy schwa “uh” in the ending -OUS, like in 'famous' and 'generous'.
In the suffix -ous, OU is unstressed and says schwa “uh”: famous, generous, nervous, dangerous, enormous.
Tip
- OUS is famous for the lazy uh — famous, nervous!
Examples
Phonics Rule: Plural -S (/z/ sound)
Sound“z”·/z/
After a buzzing sound or a vowel, the plural ending says /z/ — like 'dogs' and 'shoes'.
Put a finger on your throat and say 'zzzz' — you feel a buzz. When the word ends in a buzzing (voiced) sound or a vowel, the plural ending buzzes too and says /z/. This happens whether the word is spelled -s (dogs) or -es (shoes, trees), because in shoes the e is silent and only the s is sounded. Most people never notice they are doing this.
Examples
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