disenfranchised
People who are left out and not allowed to have a say or vote in important things.
Syllables
4 syllables
Letters
Base word
disenfranchiseRelated words (same phonics pattern)
Phonics breakdown
Phonics Rule: Prefix DIS-
DIS- means 'not' or 'the opposite of'. 'Disagree' means 'not agree'.
The prefix dis- reverses or negates a word. 'Agree' → 'disagree' (not agree); 'appear' → 'disappear' (stop appearing).
Tip
DIS- undoes it — disagree, dishonest, disappear!
Examples
Phonics Rule: Short E
The letter E makes a short sound, like in 'bed' and 'red'.
When the letter E appears in a closed syllable, it usually makes the short E sound /ɛ/. This is often confused with short I by new readers.
Tip
E says /ɛ/ like an egg on your head.
Examples
Phonics Rule: Letter N
The letter N makes the /n/ sound, like in 'net', 'nap', and 'nut'. The tongue tip touches behind the upper teeth.
N is a voiced alveolar nasal — the tongue tip touches the ridge behind the upper teeth while voice hums through the nose. It is one of the most common consonants in English.
Tip
N hums through the nose — say /n/ and feel the buzz!
Examples
Phonics Rule: FR Blend
F and R blend together — you hear both sounds! Like in 'from' and 'free'.
The blend FR combines /f/ and /r/ spoken quickly together.
Examples
Phonics Rule: Short A
The letter A makes a short sound, like in 'cat' and 'bat'.
When the letter A appears in a closed syllable (a syllable that ends with a consonant), it usually makes the short A sound /æ/. This is one of the first vowel sounds students learn.
Tip
A says /æ/ like a cat that sat on a mat.
Examples
Phonics Rule: NCH End Blend
NCH at the end of a syllable makes the /ntʃ/ sound, like in 'lunch', 'bench', and 'ranch'.
NCH combines the nasal /n/ with the digraph CH (/tʃ/). The result is /ntʃ/ — three sounds blended smoothly together at the end of a syllable.
Tip
NCH crunches — /ntʃ/ lunch, bench, punch!
Examples
Phonics Rule: Open Syllable I (Long I)
When I is the last letter of a syllable, the syllable is open and the I says its name /aɪ/ — like in 'hi' and 'fi-nal'.
This is the open-syllable pattern: a syllable that ends in a vowel leaves it 'open', so it says its long name. Here, a lone I at the end of a syllable says /aɪ/ (hi, si-lent). The I also says its long name before two consonants in the 'ind' and 'ild' families (find, kind, child, mild). The long I sound is also spelled other ways, each its own rule — silent E (bike) or igh (night) — but those are not open syllables.
Tip
Long I says its name — I!
Examples
Phonics Rule: Letter S
The letter S usually makes the /s/ sound, like in 'sun', 'sit', and 'sock'. Air hisses through a small gap.
S is a voiceless alveolar fricative when it makes the /s/ sound. At the end of many words it can also make a /z/ sound (as in 'dogs' or 'has'). At the start of a word it is always /s/.
Tip
S hisses like a snake — sssssun!
Examples
Phonics Rule: Suffix -ED (/t/ sound)
After unvoiced sounds like /p/, /k/, /s/, -ED says /t/, like in 'jumped' and 'walked'.
The suffix -ed has three pronunciations. After unvoiced consonants (p, k, f, s, sh, ch), -ed says /t/. The E is silent.
Tip
After a quiet sound, -ED says /t/!
Examples
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